Background of an Advanced Porosity

Working with nylon cords to water plotted plants it was realized some important facts:

1. Porosity can be designed to have pores connected continuously.
   Wicks cannot be made of nylon cords because they fail on oil lamps allowing a more appropriate conception.

2. Connected pores of an advanced porosity offers deep reliability to Unsaturated Hydraulic Flow because of Molecular Connectivity, reduction of dead ends and stagnant regions common on random porosity.

3. Connected pores offers anisotropy important to move fluid around taking advantage of a prevailing direction.
4. Experts working with wicks like Mechanical, Chemical, and Textile Engineers or Chemists were not aware of many insights available at disciplines like Plant and Animal Physiology, Soil Physics, and Hydrogeology.

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The Epistemological and Metaphysics Underlying Approach of Tubarc/Masstubarc is Geometrical and not Numerical. Consequently, it can accept a broad range of possible quantification rules.

Introducing Tubarc and Masstubarc

The conceptions are a sort of 'scientific discovery' in dynamics associated to molecular connectivity on mass flow. The basic applications would be:
- Porosity Geometry
- Fluid Retention/Delivery
- Energy Exchange between inertial and rotating forces by non partitioning of Mass Movement.

Tubarc is an issued patent US 6,766,817 July, 27 2004 ‘Fluid conduction utilizing a reversible unsaturated siphon with tubarc porosity action’. Masstubarc is a pending patent filed in-continuation to Tubarc patent.

Molecular connectivity is the backbone of Tubarc and Masstubarc.

Molecules are attached to each other in the process of mass flow and the best way to assess such functioning is by employing simple experiments gauging parameters of unsaturated hydraulic flow developed by Tubarc Porosity. It happens when fluids are moving under its own adhesion-cohesion properties attracted to a special solid porosity surface which provides an interface for stressing the connectivity of the molecular bounding.

On the right picture this simple display would portray the strength and importance of molecular connectivity on general mass conduction processes. Molecular connectivity has been ignored in Fluid Mechanic principles when cutting/splitting devices like impellers, propellers, vanes, runners, valves, pistons, etc. are employed on mass flow operations.

The evaluation procedure can be quite simple requiring just a small piece of drying paper hanging on the wall connected to a water deposit like the figure on the right. Slowly water moves upward in all directions depicting clearly the spatial dynamic modeling of unsaturated hydraulic flow on a porosity media of an unorganized random system as a drying paper for spatial assessment of hydrological parameters.

Tubarc - It was derived from deep insights of Plant Physiology combined to Hydrogeology, Soil Physics, and recent plastic technology advancement of fiber production industry.

Masstubarc - It was created from a necessity to increase speed of natural unsaturated hydraulic flow through the Enhanced Tubarc Porosity. It led to new conceptions of energy exchange on mass flow and brought deep insights to dynamic principles with preservation of molecular connectivity by geometrical contention during the process of adding/removing energy to a moving mass.

Background – Tubarc (Tube+Arc) is centered around Plant Physiology

The figure on the left provides some hints that around 400-600 millions of years ago unicellular organisms started packing themselves together, and/or dividing into multicellular growing larger organisms. Water needed to be continuously distributed inside the growing being and specific conducting cylindrical structures like xylem and phloem were spontaneously developed to provide faster bulk delivery of fluids internally.

Cylinders are special geometrical containment to transfer masses between two places, but are not appropriate to deliver to a biological porosity with multiple continuous input/output throughout the cylindrical walls. Then, it developed special perforations slitting the lateral walls to let fluids in or out whenever needed. Tubarc was based on such structure functioning to solve misconceptional problems of unsaturated hydraulic flow of capillary action. Furthermore, rocks and soils are just random porosities having no specially organized arrangement of pores, leading to dead ends, stagnant, and clogged regions impairing deeply flow connectivity.

Tubarc conceptions offer a very special enhanced porosity having a continuous cylinder with a lateral slit allowing a high level of anisotropy, prevailing directional flow, and near 50% of void in the total volume.

Masstubarc

New Conceptions in Dynamics for Energy Exchange on Mass Transfer
(US 20040237529)

Tubarc and Masstubarc are new conceptions in dynamics for High Precision of Fluid Delivery and Energy Exchange on Mass Flow by non partitioning of moving mass consequently preserving its molecular connectivity.

Tubarc is an issued patent US 6,766,817 July, 27 2004 ‘Fluid conduction utilizing a reversible unsaturated siphon with tubarc porosity action’. It was filed another patent in-continuation regarding mass transport between inertial and rotating forces by Masstubarc Siphon (Pat. Pub. US 2004/0237529 A1).

Masstubarc can be used for:

Propulsion
Pumping
Turbine
Filtering/Molecular Separation
Heat Exchange
Lift and stability for aerodynamics
Biomass Molecular Engine, etc.


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Title: ‘Methods and systems for reversibly exchanging energy between inertial and rotating forces’.

Abstract

Methods and systems for exchanging energy reversibly between inertial and rotating forces with a masstubarc flow siphon by non-partitioning mass flow movement are disclosed. Energy can be exchanged reversibly between inertial and rotating forces utilizing a specific geometric design that preserves longitudinal molecular connectivity. A reversible masstubarc flow siphon can be configured as a symmetric interface for the contention of masses as linear in the inertial force zone and as arc in the rotating force zone. The arc section transfers the energy between linear and rotating motion reversibly and gradually. The geometric design would allow a reversible masstubarc flow siphon to work like a rotating pump adding kinetic and/or mechanic energy to the mass. If the device changes the rotating direction the flow can change direction moving the mass reversibly back. Also like a turbine collecting energy, if the moving mass possesses a high level of inertial energy, the energy can be transferred to the rotating device in a reversible mass direction.

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Reversible Unsaturated Hydraulic Siphon

Reversible Unsaturated Hydraulic Siphon
(US Pat 6,766,817)

Advanced Hydrology from Soil Physics and Hydrogeology are disciplines offering common knowledge to handle fluids moving on porosity that has been learned from natural porosity functioning in more than a century of studies. Such conceptions were then introduced in Hydrology in 1856 by Henry Darcy for Saturated Flow and later in 1907 by Edgard Buckingham for Unsaturated flow. Granular porosity is not so reliable to allow such insights but recent technological advance of fiber technology as well as heat transfer modeling surface of heat tubes allows the molding of precise fine tuned microporosity to build such devices exploiting betters the intricate complexity of hydrodynamics.

Unsaturated siphon is device to transfer fluid reversibly between two compartments employing properties of unsaturated flow between saturated and unsaturated hydraulic zones (Fig. 1).

Under gravity conditions fluid is transferred between places of different unsaturated hydraulic gradient and the Unsaturated Siphon is in a format of upsided 'U' to connect two compartments to transfer fluid taking advantages of hydraulic zones.

Fluid at (C) has a maximu rise (-) refential for each porosity moving fluid upward attending a solid attraction from adhesion-cohesion property of luids toward itself and the solid surface of porosity. When fluid is moving throughout un Unsaturated Siphon firt it moves upward as unsaturated flow and then laterally dropping afterwards to another compartment. As the fluid crosses the water table reference the fluid connectivity loses the connection as the fluid becomes saturated and dropping by its own gravity pull. The fluid transfer takes place till the entire Unsaturated Siphon bears any level of fluid matric gradient.

Fig. 2 shows that the Unsaturated Siphon can have a reversible flow whenever the fluid matric gradient changes direction. Initially fluid moves from A to B continuously until it attains a balance as portrayed at C and D. The unsaturated flow changes direction from F to E reverting the fluid flow.

Tubarc Structure

Tubarc – High Precision of Fluid Delivery
(US 6,766,817 July, 27 2004)

Tubarc from advance Hydrogeology provides new conceptions in hydrodynamics as unsaturated hydraulic flow for High Precision of Fluid Delivery/Retention/Enhanced Porosity Geometry

Tubarc can be used for the following below:

1. Enhanced Geometric Porosity
2. Fluid Delivery/Retention
3. Reversible Self-Watering Potted Plants
4. Irrigation Under Demand
5. Molecular Drainage
6. Molecular Filtering
7. Self-Inking Writing Tools (pens, markers)
8. Self-Inking Printing Devices (printers, cartridges)
9. Geotechnology
10. Biotechnology/Molecular Separation
11. Fuel Cell General Hydrology
12. Heat Transfer Technology

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Title: Fluid Conduction Utilizing a Reversible Unsaturated Siphon With Tubarc Porosity Action

ABSTRACT:

A method and system for harnessing an unsaturated flow of fluid utilizing a reversible unsaturated siphon conductor of fluid having a tubarc porous microstructure. Fluid is conducted from a zone of higher (+) fluid matric potential to a zone of lower (-) fluid matric potential utilizing a tubarc porous microstructure. The fluid can be reversibly transported from different zones bearing a differential fluid matric potential according to the status of the fluid matric potential in each zone utilizing the tubarc porous microstructure. The tubarc porous microstructure comprises an enhanced geometric porosity. In this manner, the fluid can be harnessed for irrigation, drainage, filtration, fluid recharging and other fluid delivery uses, such as refilling writing and printing instruments.

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Tubarc Conception

Tubarc
(Tube + Arc)

Molecular Connectivity for DYNAMICS

Tubarc is a new conception in hydrodynamics from Hydrology as an enhanced porosity for fluid transmission allowing continuous lateral fluid movement to unsaturated hydraulic flow and anisotropy, which is a prevailing flow direction.

Tubarc suggests a replacement to capillarity which is associated to tube geometry and is inappropriate to portray void connectivity to random porosity for not matching to the pore geometry.

Tubarc offers high level of reliability since pores can be connected continuously with a prevailing flow direction very important to controlling hydrodynamic properties of fluids when moving by gradient of flow by adhesion-cohesion of solid phase.

Tubarc as a new proposed conception in hydrodynamics affects many applications associated to mass flow, porosity geometry, and molecular connectivity.

Tubarc is based on two important long standing scientific conceptions dealing with the hydrodynamics of fluids moving through porosity - Saturated and Unsaturated Hydraulic Zones:

1856 - Henry Darcy proposes the Darcy's Law for Saturated Hydraulic Zones

1907 - Edgard Buckingham proposes a change to Darcy's Law to adequate fluids moving on Vadose Zone which is the movement of water over the water table.

Tubarc allows a steady and reliable porosity for bulky composition ensuring that fluid can have a multidirectional flow and a prevailing longitudinal flow along the longitudinal segment of the fibers.

The advanced porosity employing Tubarc conceptions offer important features for controlling hydrodynamic properties important for fluid retention and conductions exploiting technological edges taking advantages of fluid matric gradient allowing self-sustaining flow for appropriate fluid delivery as well as fluid removal by molecular drainage.